Mean Airway Pressure (MAP):
Expected MAP is estimated for pressure-controlled ventilation using:

MAP = PEEP + (PIP − PEEP) × (T_I / T_tot)
where T_tot = 60 / respiratory rate.

This should be interpreted as an estimate, not a measured MAP. Actual delivered pressure may differ because of patient effort, resistance, compliance, leak, and ventilator characteristics. During non-invasive ventilation, effective airway pressure may be lower than calculated due to the interface and mouth leak.

Inspiratory-to-Expiratory (I:E) Ratio:
I:E ratio is calculated from respiratory rate and inspiratory time using:

I:E = T_I : T_E
where T_tot = 60 / Rate and T_E = T_tot − T_I.

Conventional neonatal ventilation commonly uses an I:E ratio around 1:2. Longer expiratory phases may be used in obstructive physiology (e.g. MAS) or severe BPD to reduce air trapping. HFJV intentionally uses an extremely short inspiratory time which allows very high respiratory rates while preserving a relatively long passive expiratory phase. This leads to efficient CO₂ clearance while helping limit air trapping.

The content on this website is provided for educational and reference purposes only. It is intended as a general clinical support resource and is not a substitute for independent medical judgment, national guidelines, institutional policy, specialist consultation, or formal training.

Although the material is designed to be clinically useful at the point of care, it is not intended to establish a standard of care, dictate management for any particular patient, or replace individualized assessment and decision-making by a qualified clinician.

Use of this website is at the user’s own risk. Responsibility for patient care remains solely with the treating clinician.